Signs and symptoms generally appear during the late teen and early adult years, and can vary in severity. Also known as vestibular schwannomas, these tumors grow on the nerve that carries sound and balance information from the inner ear to the brain. Signs and symptoms of NF2 usually result from the development of benign, slow-growing tumors in both ears (acoustic neuromas), which can cause hearing loss. Neurofibromatosis 2 (NF2) is much less common than NF1. Children who have NF1 often are below average in height. Children with NF1 tend to have a larger than average head size due to increased brain volume. Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and speech delay also are common. Often there is a specific learning disability, such as a problem with reading or mathematics. Impaired thinking skills are common in children who have NF1 but are usually mild. These tumors usually appear by age 3, rarely in late childhood and adolescence, and almost never in adults. Tumor on the optic nerve (optic glioma).Abnormal bone development and a deficiency in bone mineral density can cause bone deformities such as a curved spine (scoliosis) or a bowed lower leg. Neurofibromas may increase in number with age. Plexiform neurofibromas, when located on the face, can cause disfigurement. Sometimes, a growth will involve many nerves (plexiform neurofibroma). These benign tumors usually develop in or under the skin, but can also grow inside the body. Soft, pea-sized bumps on or under the skin (neurofibromas).These harmless nodules can't easily be seen and don't affect vision. Tiny bumps on the iris of the eye (Lisch nodules).Freckles are smaller than cafe au lait spots and tend to occur in clusters in skin folds. Freckling usually appears by ages 3 to 5. Freckling in the armpits or groin area.After childhood, new spots stop appearing. They are usually present at birth or appear during the first years of life. Having more than six cafe au lait spots suggests NF1. These harmless spots are common in many people. Flat, light brown spots on the skin (cafe au lait spots). Signs and symptoms are often mild to moderate, but can vary in severity. Signs are often noticeable at birth or shortly afterward and almost always by age 10. Neurofibromatosis 1 (NF1) is usually diagnosed during childhood. There are three types of neurofibromatosis, each with different signs and symptoms.
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